Six Words free essay sample

â€Å"What would your six-word memoir be?† my friend inquired one Sunday morning. A simple question, sure, but I remained uncharacteristically quiet, hesitating. The six-word memoir challenge originates from a legend about Ernest Hemingway: he was once dared to tell a story in just six words, to which he responded, â€Å"For sale: baby shoes, never worn.† Genius. â€Å"How about ‘I am bad at counting,† I joked. Although I brushed off the question initially, it soon came darting back into my mind, dancing around my other thoughts, demanding my attention. Could my own story be summarized in a mere half-dozen words? The more impossible it seemed, the more I knew I had to try. â€Å"I only believe in silver linings.† Today, I pride myself on my optimism, thanks to the influence of my perpetually positive dad. I now know how to appreciate the good and roll with the bad. But I wasnt always such a strong believer in every clouds silver lining. We will write a custom essay sample on Six Words or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Five years ago I believed only in the clouds. I only appreciated efforts that rewarded me with instant gratification, and it goes without saying that very few things in life fit under this rather small umbrella. I have grown since then, but not in one defining moment, sudden epiphany, or life-changing experience. I have simply changed to be the person I am today. And although these six words identify a growth that Im proud of, I cant help but feel as if they characterize me as a chipper but flat character akin to Pride and Prejudices Jane Bennet – somebody I surely cannot be. â€Å"Chopsticks make surprisingly good marshmallow-toasters.† I use chopsticks to toast marshmallows, but I only know how to eat rice with a spoon. I memorize Po Chu-I for Chinese class and then read my favorite American author, F. Scott Fitzgerald, at home. I am the living juxtaposition of Chinese culture and American traditions. In Chicago, where I was born and raised until age 12, I never saw myself as different from my Caucasian friends. The fact that I went to Chinese school when my best friend was at Sunday school was just a fact of life. Upon moving to Taiwan, I realized that I was not as in tune with my ethnic background as Id thought. After living there for five years, that changed significantly. While Ive realized that I am not confined by this cultural amalgamation, by the same token,  ­neither am I defined by it. â€Å"Writing: I never liked math anyway.† My affection for words first surfaced in fourth grade. I was asked to write a poem about a field trip to Lake Michigan. I was nine years old and had never written a poem before. Pencil in hand and brows furrowed, I cautiously began, â€Å"Splash!† Ever since that fateful exclamation I have harbored a deep love for writing and for the feelings, imagery, and clarity that streams of carefully chosen words can convey. The colorful marginalia that decorates my copy of my  ­favorite book, The Great Gatsby, can attest to my  ­admiration of Fitzgeralds tight rein on diction. I  ­admire words for their ability to ascribe specificity to our inherently variegated world, to â€Å"name the unnamed,† as Jonathan Safran Foer once said. Nevertheless, I would like to believe that the â€Å"unnamed† potential in me is too much to describe in a meager six words. And then I thought of it. Six words were exactly enough – six syllables, in fact. My optimism and growth, mixed background and global perspective, literary interests and love of writing, aspirations and potential could be summarized simply: â€Å"I am more than just words.†

African dance essays

African dance essays It all started with a prayer. A man dressed in white singing in a foreign language. Different languages, different people, different colors and different races. It was all part of the show that was named African Dance! What is African Dance? It is not mere dancing and music, and vendors and food. No, no! It is the story of different countries related to the African culture and the story of Africa itself. From India to Peru the African culture have somehow touch, change and/or develop lots of other cultures. There, in the African Dance Show they show the audience just a tiny bit of it. The first thing reflected in the show was the elders and why and how were they respected in those times. To a counsel of elders, the exited but patient team asked permission to continue with the show. The whole team, musicians, dancers, backstage staff... everyone whom has been part of the show (Even the elders from the audience) were awaiting for allowance to continue. And with the approval of such a wise counsel the show goes on. It all started with an Indian group known as Sidi Goma. With turkey feathers in their hats and skirts, barefooted and painted faces the agile dancers begun their part of the show. The representation of the dance was more like a wedding and/or other social events in the Indian culture. Or so it looked like. For most people it seems to be quite not impressive for the dance was not that intense compare to other African Dances. However, Malik, an African Dance Instructor from the Columbia College of Chicago explained later on, during one of his class that maybe the lack of knowledge for that specific Indians Culture, was the reason why it wasnt better appreciated. And the fact that they are the ones on stage putting on a show, weather they wouldve been telling a story or simply dancing for the fun of it, also changes the perspective of, and the whole experience with the Indian culture...

The Study of the Relationship between Illegality and International Research Proposal

The Study of the Relationship between Illegality and International Commercial Arbitration with a Focus on China - Research Proposal Example The focus in this paper is on arbitration, a specially established mechanism for the final and binding determination of disputes concerning a contractual or or other relationship by independent arbitrators in accordance with procedures, structures and substantive legal or non-legal standards chosen directly in indirectly by the parties. The purpose of Arbitration is to obtain a final and binding ruling in a given case. This means that Arbitration involves the situation where two people agree to either consciously or unconsciously to use Arbitration as a method of resolving disputes that would crop up between them in a legal relationship. In other words, Arbitration involves a form of consensus that allows two parties to present their cases to an Arbitration Tribunal as and when the need comes up. Thus, it can be inferred that Arbitration is generally a situation of choice rather than an obligation. This means that Arbitration is a voluntary option rather than a compulsory one. In com parison to the default position, disagreements between parties in a legal relationship are often referred to the court and handled by the legal jurisdiction of the area in question. However, an Arbitration clause effectively excludes the courts from the resolution of conflicts in the legal relationship. In this context, the ruling of an Arbitration tribunal is of the same value as the courts of the land. Arbitration is a popular means of settling disputes in international business. (Buhring-Uhle, 2006). Arbitration is often a preferred way of resolving disputes in the international context because of the lack of a definite unified legal jurisdiction for parties with different origins (Park, 2006). This therefore means that Arbitration is used as a system of best practices in a situation where there is no clearcut legal method to solve disputes across borders. Chinese businesses rely heavily on Arbitration around the world. This is attributed to the global expansion drive of the Chin ese government which is done through various trading agglomerations in different parts of the world (Tao, 2008). China also maintains a thriving system of Arbitration which runs parallel with the legal system and supports the huge global trading structures in China today (Association of International Arbitration, 2009). 1.1 Legal Scope of Arbitration Arbitration is often viewed as an alternative dispute resolution system (Fox 2009). This is because decisions by Arbitration tribunals are immune from court interference. Fox however identifies that the courts interact with the decisions of Arbitrators in a very complex manner around the world (2009). He states four main situations in which the court could intervene with Arbitration around the globe: 1. A breach of a ruling of the court of Arbitration could be referred to a traditional court for redress. 2. The court could be called in to compel the other side of the case to engage in arbitration if they refuse to do so. 3. The court co uld force the losing party to abide by the ruling of the court of Arbitration. 4. The traditional courts can pronounce injunctions and other statutes that will become binding in Arbitration cases. The first three pointers indicate that Arbitration systems around the world form a component of the larger justice system. This means that Arbitration systems are fairly independent of the traditional courts and have a unique system that forms a part of the broader legal context. This implies that the Arbitration system is an essential part of the legal system that parties elect to utilise instead of civil or criminal courts. Thus, the Arbitration courts are independent and of an equal standing as some other courts and legal authorities. However, the fourth point indicates that the Arbitr

Instructional Technology Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Instructional Technology Paper - Essay Example Specialized programs have facilitated the conduct of test that give valuable feedback on which to base further teaching schedules. This aspect - technology as an aid to testing - is discussed by Neal Starkman in a feature entitled 'Special Consideration' in the November 2007 issue of the periodical 'The Journal'. The present system of testing followed by most schools across the country is to give a comprehensive, all-encompassing test at the end of the school year. Students get this 'one-shot' opportunity to prove their worth. This can be quite intimidating for students, leading to a pressure to perform that can be quite stressful. Most students cannot cope with this kind of pressure, which reflects in their overall scores as well as on the schools record. Year end tests, being of necessity standardized in nature, also fail to assess individual skills that a child may possess, as they have to be administered to the entire class. Although slight variations exist in the form of semester tests or quarter wise testing, the concept is essentially the same. Students are administered a standardized test and have to wait for the papers to be corrected before they can learn their scores. This is usually in the form of a report card in which the student is also ranked in relation to his peers. Individ ual strengths and weakness are overlooked in this from of testing. This advent of technology that enables frequent, individualized testing makes the old system irrelevant. Schools that have embraced technology have shown substantive improvements in their results. One of the examples discussed by Starkman is of the Oklahoma City's 'Westwood Elementary School'. The school discovered that "one-size-fits-all tests"(Starkman) did not present an accurate view of students abilities. The school therefore introduced a variety of assessment programs such as Dynamic Indicators of Basic Early Literacy Skills (DIBELS), Gates-MacGinitie Reading Tests, Accelerated Math and Edusoft software in order to conduct frequent individual tests. The benefits of electronic testing are manifold. Not only do they determine a student's strengths and weaknesses but also suggest the direction future instruction should take, which can be a big help to a teacher. Moreover, since such tests are easy to conduct, they can be given as often as required so that students and teachers get feedback throughout the school year. The school's principal, Jan Borelli who introduced this technology in the school transformed the school from a low performing school to one in which, "student s scored in the top 10 percent on the Oklahoma Core Curriculum Tests" (Starkman). Some critics say that the school is going overboard by having far too many tests, but the results speak for themselves. Similarly, other schools that have introduced technology in their assessment methods are also reporting dramatic increases in student scores. Introduction of the A+nyWhere Learning System in one school resulted in a two-grade equivalent increase in reading standards. There are many factors behind this including accountability and the fact that students get immediate feedback. Moreover, a computer program merely gives the result. It does not judge or comment on the result and is thus not perceived by the students as a threat to their self esteem - the computer, "[is] not giving them attitude... [Students are] not worried about what their

Alcohol Problems in Hospitality Industry Research Paper

Alcohol Problems in Hospitality Industry - Research Paper Example So the government always put more emphasize on this industry. â€Å"Hospitality industry is a major employer. The industry includes service sector work like tourism and food service. It suffers from more economic fluctuations compared to its peer industries† (Hospitality Industry par. 1). A Business Problem: For the sustaining and success of every establishment the most important thing is the identification of its problems and solving it. In this context, the clear identification of the problem is the bigger issue. â€Å"If I had only one hour to save the world, I would spend fifty-five minutes defining the problem, and only five minutes finding the solution." ~ Albert Einstein† (Problem Definition par. 1). Through the words of Albert Einstein, we can make sure that, the solution is always depends upon the definition of problem. How better the defining of a problem determine the quality of the out coming solution. The existing gap between the desired state and the actua l state is called problem and when it happens to a business it is called problem. Problem analysis and solving the problem all are the preceding of the defining of the problem. To get the right solution which can make the business successful, the problem defining should be very clear. Here the problem is defined as the ‘Alcohol Problems in Hospitality Industry’ â€Å"Service professionals and those that work in the hospitality industry could be at risk for developing unhealthy drinking practices, and it is important to be aware of the dangers† (Warning – Hospitality Workers May Be at Risk for Alcohol Abuse par. 1). The main damages that have been recognized in the pressure of alcohol consumption have leaded the hospitality industry to witness a numerous problems. The restaurants and bars that serve drinks to human are equally involved in disaster and are lawfully in charge for damage. It is complained frequently about the alcohol consumption of employees w orking in the hospitality industry. This problem has been identified as result of finding out the reasons behind why people hesitate to bring their family to some places. In support to this a study of students is consulted. The following report contains the data from two surveys in two different sectors of service, which we can use for understand the case. In the initial survey from three different colleges 84 students were interviewed employees working in hotel service in concerning their alcohol practice by using the testing device called Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT). The second study was focused on service employees working in restaurants in a particular area. Exactly One hundred and five samples had been taken and the respondents answered the AUDIT questionnaire in the survey very properly. The comparison of the results of two studies showed that the hotel and restaurant associated persons scored considerably higher on the survey by AUDIT than the respondent s from other service sectors. The first survey which conducted by 84 students from three different colleges show that the effective survey can bring out the things and the second survey showed that restaurant workers scored considerably higher than people in other areas of the service industry. â€Å"A new analysis of government data finds that 15 percent of employees in the hospitality industry suffer from serious alcohol-related problems† (Hospitality Industry Worst for Alcohol-Related Problems par. 1). The steps to solve the business problem are as following: Take the time to

Economic Environmental And Culture Impacts Of Tourism

Economic Environmental And Culture Impacts Of Tourism In light of the increasingly competitive day visit market and concern about the keeping of wild animals in captivity for human amusement, the national Zoo of Bangladesh must balance carefully the demands of the paying visitor with those of maintaining credibility as conservation and education-oriented organisations. Utilising the model of the product life cycle this paper analyses the current position of national Zoo of Bangladesh in the visitor attraction market. The major tourism issues are discussed in this paper and it also emphasises the integration of the social economic and environmental for effective tourism and development. Introduction Tourism has become the greatest tool of this present century to achieve international mutual understanding. It is a travel particularly for leisure or recreational purposes. It is now a global industry that involves millions of domestic and international tourists travel every year. Tourism works as a bridge among the people through out the world who are from different languages, cultures, race and so on. Tourism is basically based on tourists not the economy and the developing countries can be greatly benefited by this industry. It not only brings the nations closer together but also keeps great international relationship. Tourism is both entertaining and educative. People can get enormous information and can see the unseen through it. However it can have major impacts and these impacts can be both positive and negative. These impacts can be presented under the headings of economy, socio-cultural and environmental impacts. Dhaka zoo is largest zoo in Bangladesh situated in Mirpur,Dhaka.It is the national zoo under the Ministry of Fisheries and Livestock. The total number of vertebrate fauna in the zoo is about 2,150 in 191 species. Included in these animals, are about 551 mammals under 64 species, 1,543 birds under 90 species, 73 reptiles under 15 species, and about 104 aquarium fishes under 23 species. To attract visitors besides many fascinating animals, there are 15 tigers, 21 lions, 9 hippopotamus, about 200 monkeys, and 33 pythons. Moreover, some rare and interesting animals such as the rhea, peacock, zebra, elephant, African grey parrot, water buck, impala, emus, baboon, chimpanzee, gayal, black bear, tapir, mandrill, and estuarine crocodile provide additional entertainment to the visitors. The zoo has a captive breeding programme and successfully bred the Royal Bengal Tiger, lion, leopard, primates, deer, and many birds. It has animal exchange programmes with many zoos of the world. As gifts Bangladesh government presented about 300 zoo animals to different organisations and personalities of different countries including Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Bahrain, and Iraq. The zoo regularly organizes various education programmes for students. The various ornamental features of the garden provides an aesthetic background to the animal houses, enclosures and aviaries, scattered all over the area, exhibiting indigenous fauna of Bangladesh as well as exotic specimens collected from different countries of the world. Methodology, findings and analysis Economic Impacts Economic impacts are the most significant field for tourism. The impacts can be positive and negative. It can be especially marked on developing countries. People of this country can easily make foreign exchange like dollars, francs, pound and so on through tourism. The economic impacts of tourism represent the most important facets of tourism from a development viewpoint. It can bring a great economic benefit for a country. Tourism can also contribute greatly to gross national product because the success of countries and governments are frequently explained through the percentage of annual growths in GNP. Moreover it can play a significant part for extra expenditure in the economy on goods and services. The economic impact of the Zoo has grown significantly beyond the growth of the national and regional economies. This implies that the national Zoo of Bangladesh is a growth industry for the local economy. Visitor spending by Zoo patrons contributes significantly to the economic impa ct of the Zoo. The Zoo has an economic development impact that was not quantified in this analysis. The presence of the Zoo has a positive impact on the attendance levels of other Greater Bangladeshi amusement parks and events, and vice-versa. The presence of the Zoo enhances the overall attraction of Bangladesh. Economic Impact Results We have determined that since 1992, construction by the Zoo has led to One-time economic impacts ranging from $1.6 million to $12.8 million in the Greater Cincinnati economy. The largest construction impact occurred from 1992 construction expenditures, which totaled $5.7 million. In 1996, the construction impact of the Zoo was $2.7 million, of which $836,362 went to area households in the form of wages. Zoo construction led to the creation and retention of a total of 35 Bangladeshi jobs in 1996. The on-going economic impacts associated with the Zoos operation expenditures have been steadily increasing since 1992. The total economic impact of operations increased 52 percent over this period, to reach $29.2 million in 1996. The economic impact on household earnings increased 33 percent from 1992 to 1996, reaching $10.7 million in 1996. The employment impact increased from 491 jobs in 1992 to 580 in 1996 an 18 percent increase. (http://www.grips.ac.jp/alumni/UzbekistanTourism(2).pdf) Again tourism expenditure into an economy is not completely based on direct expenditure rather it is based on multiply of income. For instance, The money that is given by tourists can have multi uses. Employee will receive wages and they will also spend in local market for their daily necessities. Some of the money can pass through banking institution. Perhaps this money can be paid for repaying their banking debts and sometimes they can save the money and invest as well in the local market. The government will also be benefited through taxation. Therefore, the money runs into the local market through investment, savings and taxation. ( peter M. Burns and Andrew Holden) Significant numbers of jobs can be created through tourism. The employers can engage themselves as hotel workers, bar staff and can also engage themselves in other areas such as boat hire, cycle hire and repair, car and motorcycle hire, food and drink selling and so on. Furthermore the local people who are involved in craft activities of painting, wood carving and boutique making can get great economic profit (Mason,1995). In addition, government can earn a huge amount of revenues from tourist. Government expenditure can be collected from the increased tourism expenditure at both central and local levels. The revenues can be taken through employee taxation and in some cases direct taxation placed on the tourist. For example, Government can earn from the arrival taxes and from the departure taxes. Additionally tourism is very helpful for infrastructure development of the host country. By getting revenues from tourists the government can use it for the developments of countrys airport, roads, electricity, and water and for sewerage disposal. As the government can use the revenues for the development of the country thus they need not to take loan from other sources. The socio-cultural impacts of the zoo Culture is about how people observe social interactions. Actually cultures consist with behavioural patterns that have been acquired through generations. Culture also includes belief, art, moral low, knowledge and so on. Culture attraction in relation to tourism includes; leisure activities, educational system, dress, languages, art and music, handicrafts, religion, tradition, food, architecture and so on. Visitors and host population both are very important in relation to socio-cultural impacts of tourism. The impacts will be greatest when the contrast will be shown between receiving society and origin culture. Tourism can encourage social mobility in the developing country like Bangladesh through changes in employment from traditional agriculture and may result in higher wages and better job prospects. There are some more benefits of socio-cultural tourism impacts. These are creation of job employment, the rebirth of local arts and revival of social cultural life of the local people. However tourism can cause over crowding at the zoo of Bangladesh. The overcrowding can cause stress for both tourists and the local people of Bangladesh. Although the remarkable impacts are over dependency on tourism and consequently the traditional activities of the local farmers like firming has reduced. Another socio-cultural impact of tourism is demonstration effect. The demonstration effect depends on tourist and on hosts. Some local people changes themselves behaviorically particularly the young generation are greatly affected by demonstration effect. It is very obvious that the host countries people are very much interested towards the life style of tourists. The demonstration effect also has economic implication. The local people of Bangladesh are interested towards western products. For instance, it is very common picture of the local people at the zoo area that they wear jeans, t-shirt instead of traditional dress, in the same time they become interested to imported drinks like coke rather than lemonade. In addition, in many developing areas tourism has contributed to an incensement of prostitution. Although it is very difficult to determine exactly how much probably the most famous and documented sex tourism destinations are Thailand and Philippines. Sex tourism often involves both sexes, male or female tourists looking for female or male prostitutes. Bangladesh is a Muslim religious based country where most of the people are religious minded. Although sex tourism is not a common picture in Bangladesh. However, many tourists go into holidays with the inner hope of finding a partner for sexual relationship. The partner may or may not be the resident of the host country; it is often a fellow tourist. Many evidence show how many women are involved in open ended prostitution may able to establish longer term relationships with several foreigners through facking romantic involvement. The scare of AIDS had a dramatic effect on prostitution. Although Bangladesh is not completely out threat en of sex tourism. Furthermore, tourism can have tremendous effect on culture and these are both positive and negative. A changing culture means a changing composition with respect to income earners in family. This modification has a tremendous impact on family structure and the society as a whole. Bangladesh is basically a male dominated country and when women get financial independence; their whole perspective of life and marriage is prone to change. Most of the local people at the zoo who are involved in tourism related business are questioned and the replied who have got from them suggest that most of the families are related to tourism business. The main results of the questionnaire from the local people at the zoo are as follows: most of the local people at the zoo understand that tourists are different from them. According to local people of the zoo the benefits that can be got tourists are vandalism, sexual harassment, drag addiction and prostitution and crime in general. Again, most of the loc al young are in favour in tourism. They prefer to accept the culture of the tourists which is considered as a great threat of host culture. Therefore, there is both positive and negative socio- cultural impacts of tourism. The negative impacts includes: demonstration effect, cultural damage and specific issues for example incensement in drag taking, prostitution, crime and so on. Actually the negative consequences are mostly seen where there is a cultural difference between tourists and hosts. Environmental Impacts of tourism at the Zoo Developed on behalf of the national zoo of Bangladesh-based environmental consultancy, Carbon Plan, the system was designed for the Zoo to measure and report its environmental impact. The Zoo has now been short listed for an environmental excellence are awarded, for developing this project. The awards were established last year to recognize the good work done by environmental consultancies as part of the wider efforts to reduce our global impact. SALOME is one of the first environmental accounting strategy tools specifically designed for business. As a result of its implementation, Bangladesh Zoo has reduced its carbon footprint by 39.6 per cent since 2006, a reduction of 370 tonnes of carbon per year. The Director of Bangladeshi Zoo Gardens, Dr M mofizar Rahman, said: This nomination is fantastic news for Bangladesh Zoo and for Carbon Plan, and demonstrates the Zoos commitment to environmental sustainability.CarbonPlan has also worked with Bangladeshi Zoo Gardens to develop a set of Sustainable Development Guidelines for its National Wildlife Conservation Park .The nomination comes as the national Zoo of Bangladesh became the first zoo in the country to achieve the ISO14001 certification the international standard for environmental management systems. The environment is a key resource for tourism. Generally visitors are attracted by the natural beauty of the country. On the other hand, damage of environment can reduce a great number of visitors. Sometimes tourism has a indirect impact on physical environment. The natural environment includes the landscape, rivers, rock outcrops, beaches, plants and animals. There are five aspects of environment. The natural environment includes: mountainous areas, seas, rivers and lakes, caves, beaches, natural woodland and so on. Again the wild life includes: Land based animals and reptiles, flora, birds, insects and so on. The framed environment includes: man made forests, fish firms. The built environment includes: individual building and structures, villages and townscapes, transport and infrastructure. Where is very important factor for tourism environment impact because an urban areas are used more by the tourists than the rural areas. This is because of roads, structure and proper planning process. Therefore the national zoo of Bangladesh are potentially far greater than small number of walkers in the beach of Bangladesh. Tourism is a seasonal activity in Bangladesh. Thus the environment of the can be affected by the tourism only a part of year and the rest of the year the nature is recovering itself. Although it not always possible for the nature to recover itself for instance, in winter season a large number domestic tourists visit the zoo which is out of control for the environment to recover. Ecology is very significant for tourism. Ecology refers human, animal and plants and each of the elements are related to each other if there any ecological imbalance happens the whole environment will be heavily affected. The national Zoo of Bangladesh is actually a seasonal tourist attraction. The peak season is December to May and time 10amto 4pm is busiest time of the day. The domestic people are the main visitors furthermore, visitor also come from India, Pakistan, Burma, especially from the south Asian countries. A large number of visitors visit the zoo everyday. There is no accurate measurement of the visitor number at the Zoo however evidence suggests that mire than 200 visitors visit at the Zoo for per hour. Although the zoo is unaffected by the visitors yet the great number flashing photography may change the behavior of the wild animal. Tourism planning and management There are number of aims and objectives for tourism planning. Tourism planning is particularly based on ideas on future tourism and the intention of tourism planning is derive maximum benefits and derives minimum negative effects. There are also some key players of tourism planning and management. Tourism management requires consideration of a number of factors including Who is managing? What is being managed? How is it being managed? Where is it happening? and when is it happening? These question are clearly integral and it very difficult to separate. The major players are tourists themselves, members of the host communities, government agencies and representative of travel agency. In relation to tourism planning and management NGOs and media can play a significant role. Although tourists are undeniably very important part yet they are often blamed for rights responsibilities. The right and responsibilities of tourists are as follows: Tourists need to obey the local law and in the time they cannot take part in any illegal activities. They need to respect the religion and the cultures of host countries. They should not make any harm for natural environment. Again protecting wild animals and contributing in local economy is also their responsibility. Education can be used as an important technique in tourism management within the content of interpretation. It is educational process that involves the transfer of knowledge and the development of values to environment and culture. Tour guides act as site interpreter a zoo keepers are specific form of interpreter used by the zoo to help manage, the educational experience for visitors. In addition codes an conduct and guide lines are very significant to regulate tourism codes of conduct have a range of authors including government, NGOs And other representatives. Moreover, it has a great importance in tourism planning and management. GIS is a computer based system that can handle and process geographical data. In the widest sense of the activity is sustainable. The activity has been concerned with socio-cultural and economic factors. According to the sustainable sense the activity shows that tourism should be recognized as positive factor with the potential to the benefit of the community and place as well as the visitors. The relationship between tourism environments must be managed so that environment is sustainable in the long term. Conclusion This paper shows variety of tourism effects under the heading of socio-cultural, economic and environmental impacts. The paper also represents a number of different organizations, groups and individuals which have a significant role to play in tourism management and planning. The role both tourists and hosts are very remarkable for tourism management and planning. The paper shows that the national zoo of Bangladesh has the potential to create successful tourism industry. It also indicates that there is likelihood of well-planned and management tourism in which environmetal factors and socio cultural aspects are well integrated.

Early History Of The Pipe Organ :: essays research papers fc

Early History of the Pipe Organ The â€Å"king of instruments† has a long history, one which can arguably be traced to the concept of a collection of â€Å"fixed-pitched pipes blown by a single player (such as the panpipes)† (Randel 583). The first examples of pipe organs with the basic features of today can be traced to the third century B.C.E. in the Greco-Roman arena; it is said to have been invented by Ktesibios of Alexander and contained â€Å"a mechanism to supply air under pressure, a wind-chest to store and distribute it, keys and valves to admit wind to the pipes, and one or more graded sets of fixed-pitch pipes.† (Randel 583) These early organs used water as a means to supply air-pressure, hence the use of the terms hydraulic and hydraulis. Hydraulic organs were in use for several hundred years before the concept of bellows, similar in concept and style to those of a blacksmith, came into use with the organ. Numerous bellows were used to supply air to the wind-chest, often being pumped in pairs by men. The disadvantages of this method of air supply include the lack of consistent pressure, which leads to inconsistent pitch and tuning; also, many people were required to operate the bellows since there were upwards of twenty-four bellows per organ (Hopkins & Rimbault 35). Also, with organs of this size, the bellows took up large amounts of space, thus forcing the organ to be located in a fixed place, such as a church. Up until the eleventh century (approximately), pitch and range of organs were extremely limited, mainly in part to the lack of a any style of keyboard. Keys of a sort were introduced around this time, though not in the manner we are accustomed to. â€Å"The earliest keyboards were sets of levers played by the hands rather than the fingers.† (Randel 428) They looked similar to large rectangles â€Å" an ell long and three inches wide† (Hopkins & Rimbault 33) and were played by pushing on them with a hand, although some were large enough that one might need to step on them. While allowing no real technical dexterity, they were sufficient to play plain-song and chant melodies, particularly with the use of more than one player. As time progressed, the keys became smaller and more numerous until they began to resemble the modern keyboard (except for range) in appearance ca. 1400. While these large early organs were used in limited fashion in churches, many of the organs of the twelfth and thirteenth centuries were known as portatives or regals. Portatives were small enough to be carried and played by a single

The study of communications: Test

1) The study of communications in the early twentieth century solidified in to which two approaches? (a) Culture shock and cooperative conflict style (b) Rhetorical and behavioral (c) Dichotomous and recursion (d) Self-awareness and positive reinforcement2) Beliefs that are so central to a cultural group that they are never questioned are known as: (a) True believers (b) Empowerment (c) Self awareness (d) Cultural values3) Organizational communication exhibits two properties: (a) Organization and structured (b) Planning and execution (c) Function and production (d) Assertiveness and bluntness4) The intent to harm is a defining element of: (a) Striking (b) Insulting (c) Ignoring (d) Bullying5) What type of roles helps establish a group’s social atmosphere? (a) Relational Roles (b) Communication Roles (c) Leadership Roles (d) Expressive Roles6) Ludwig von Bertalanffy advanced a theory of seeing organizations as systems embedded in larger systems. This is known as the? (a) Perfec tion Theory (b) Globalization Theory (c) Work Force Theory (d) General Systems Theory7) Conflict in the Middle East leads both to fears that oil production will suffer and to higher energy costs in the United States, and this is known as: (a) Domination (b) Mass Assimilation (c) Globalization (d) Global Marketing8) Studying the intercultural communication is important to improve: (a) Personal gain (b) Employers trust (c) Cultural respect (d) Self awareness9) John Oetzel found that which communication processes led to task effectiveness and member satisfaction in many small group situations? (a) Equal Participation (b) Respectful (c) Cooperative conflict style (D) all of the above10) Supervisors can increase employee’s feelings of self-efficacy through: (a) Promotions (b) Empowerment (c) Confidence (d) Motivation11) Exhaustion, cynicism, and ineffectiveness are all part of a workplace phenomenon called: (a) Workforce retention (b) Employee tolerance (c) Burnt Out (d) Lack of C ooperation12) Formal education in the United States emphasizes: (a) Dichotomous (b) High paying jobs (c) Capitalism (d) Relational Roles13) What is the trait theory? (a) Successful recruiters are always needed (b) Leaders are born (c) Self-starters are always successful (d) Motivational speakers are well educated14) The process in which you and others begin to see you as an integral and accepted part of an organization is known as: (a) Assimilation (b) Asset (c) Productive (d) Manager15) Familiarity with others, organizational acculturation, recognition, involvement, job competency, and role negotiation are all part of: (a) Social network (b) People person (c) Talented recruiter (d) Metamorphosis16) Communications ethics is defined as: (a) The standards of what is right and wrong, good or bad, moral and immoral. (b) The practice of being fair, collective and responsive to one’s needs (c) Talking to others with respect and using proper speech skills (d) Not swearing or using v ulgar language will on work site17) What is quid pro quo? (a) Using your brains to receive a promotion (b) Monitoring your coworker’s habits to gain an advantage come panel reviews (c) The request for sexual favors as a condition of getting or keeping a job or benefit (d) Exercising your rights to table a board meeting if conditions are not to your liking18) What percentage of employers monitors workers Web connections? (a) 80% (b) 92% (c) 73% (d) 76%19) The two types of purposes for a speech include: (a) General + Specific (b) Focused + Consistent (c) Topic + Subject (d) Local + Long distance20) When audience members entrust you with their time and attention, you are obligated to treat them with: (a) Respect and Kindness (b) Fairness and Concern (c) Cooperation and alertness (d) Confidence and emotion21) The number one social phobia in the United States is: (a) Appearance (b) Smell (c) Public Speaking (d) Center of Attention22) One out of twenty people suffers such a fear of public speaking that they: (a) Sweat (b) Shake (c) Begin to stutter (d) Are unable to finish23) Ancient Greeks, the Middle Ages, and the _______ all made major contributions to the study of communication. (a) Renaissance (b) Golden Age (c) Contemporary (d) Industrial24) What is the attribution theory? (a) Attritional Bias (b) Self-serving bias (c) Fundamental Attribution error (d) All of the above25) Considering the ages, races, sexual orientations, religions, and social-class backgrounds of your audience is all part of the: (a) Demographical Analysis (b) Geographical Analysis (c) Cultural Analysis (d) Ethical Analysis26) If you wish to be sensitive to other people’s identities, you should: (a) Consider who you communicate with (b) Remember what the person’s personality first (c) Ignore any weaknesses that person by have (d) Be aware of 3 key ethical issues that can impact your communication with others27) Statistics, examples, and personal narratives are all ________ that can be used to enhance your speech. (a) Collective resources (b) Important topics (c) Ideal focuses (d) Supporting materials28) One way to ensure you are prepared for your presentation is to: (a) Memorize (b) Practice (c) Be well dressed (d) Check for errors29) A relationship that is described as variable with â€Å"ups and downs† over time,† sometimes close, sometimes distant† is being described according to: (a) Turning point model relationships (b) Mutual beneficiary relationships (c) Contemporary relationships (d) Proactive casual relationships30) What is the model of communication created by the textbook authors? (a) 2 way Human differential communication (b) Multicultural transaction communication (c) Human communication in Society or transactional (d) Social group communication and group interaction31) How do you develop identity? (a) By communicating outside of your local area (b) Ignore negative feedback from others (c) By expressing yourself, throu gh beliefs and persuasion (d) Through internal awareness and environmental influences, and input from others32) De-escalating your anger, confronting the situation assertively, and listening to understand are all components of: (a) Effectively handling interpersonal conflict (b) Anger management and â€Å"Cool Down† cycle (c) Emotion control (d) Obedience and patience33) The truth bias involves: (a) The belief of once a liar always a liar (b) Common practice of trusting no one until properly known (c) Lack one’s trust through secrets (d) Tendency to not suspect one’s intimates of deception34) A feeling of disorientation and discomfort due to the unfamiliarity of surroundings is known as: (a) Unfamiliar territory (b) Culture shock (c) Culture anxiety (d) Culture phobia35) What is identity? (a) Social categories that you identify yourself (b) Categories that others place on you (c) Labels influenced on you by outside sources (d) Who you are as a person36) What are the elements that make up personality? (a) Emotional State (b) Knowledge (c) Outlook (d) All of the above37) What are some reasons for studying intercultural communication? (a) Improve your ethics (b) Be aware of different laws and customs (c) Learn others peoples culture so you can travel (d) Enhance own self awareness38) What we communicate, we exchange which two kinds of messages? (a) Practical and impractical (b) Emotional and non-emotional (c) Voluntary and involuntary (d) Verbal and non-verbal39) The social penetration theory describes what as a key component in relationship development? (a) Comfort (b) Disclosure (c) Company (d) Fun40) Proximity, physical attractiveness, and similarity are all factors that influence: (a) Attractiveness (b) Personality (c) Intelligence (d) Motivation41) The tendency for people to work harder and do better when others are around is known as: (a) Influential motivation (b) Work ethic spectrum (c) Social Facilitation (d) Positive reinforcement42 ) Societal factors that do not affect your perceptions include: (a) Role of Employee (b) Company Policies (c) Work force involvement (d) Role of leadership43) Two contemporary approaches to the study of communication include: (a) Honesty and truthful (b) Critical and Interpolate (c) Patient and observant (d) Listener and receiver44) List the different types of leadership? (a) Trait theory and Laissez-faire (b) Democratic and Authoritarian leader (c) Both A and B (d) None of the above45) What is the most important thing you learned in this class? (a) Building your identity (b) Self-awareness (c) Verbal ethics (d) Communication

Twelfth Night is Olivia Essays

Twelfth Night is Olivia Essays Twelfth Night is Olivia Paper Twelfth Night is Olivia Paper Essay Topic: Twelfth Night Another strong female character in Twelfth Night is Olivia. She is an intelligent character of court, a woman of independence and of property after her father left his possessions to her brother, and then she in turn inherited them from him. However when she marries, according to social aspects of that era, her husband will gain all of that power. She is also the object of desire from Orsino, Sir Andrew, Malvolio and eventually Sebastian. At the beginning of the play, Olivia is a cloistress in mourning for her brother, and shows excessive melancholy and extravagance that parallels Orsino. Both characters are steeped in the melancholy of sentimental love to the point of being blinded by it and both suffer from the complexities of love. But Orsino takes a passive approach to the pursuit of love, in the way that he sends Cesario to pursue Olivia, whereas Olivia takes a more active role. However, Olivias attempts to be reclusive seem to be more posturing than actual mourning, and this is another way in which appearances are deceptive, as Olivia soon transforms, removing her veil and asking Cesario Ist not well done? Although Olivia can be seen as a typical cultural construction of femininity, she transgresses that role and shows impetuosity in the way that she relentlessly pursues Cesario. In Elizabethan times, women could not be seen to be chasing men as it gave women wantonness, similarly the Bible was thought to be factual, and Adam created Eve for him, not the other way around. Olivia however appears to recognize that she oversteps the rules of conduct: Have you not set mine honor at the stake? Even though Olivia steps out of her assigned sociohistorical position, she later steps back into it by marrying Sebastian to provide the Jacobian audience with closure. She is worldly wise in the way that she knows how money can win somebody over I thank you for your pains: spend this for me she says to Cesario, and she also has a good relationship with Feste the jester, albeit occasionally scolding him for being out of line, she seems to enjoy and find amusing his witty repartee. Although she is undoubtedly intelligent, she shows fickleness in the way that she swaps Cesario for Sebastian, and this also is similar to the inconstancy of Orsino. Through Orsino, Shakespeare criticizes women For women are as roses, whose fair flower / Being once displayd, doth fall that very hour, and the impermanence of womens beauty.  Although Olivia seems to dislike Malvolio at times O, you are sick of self-love, Malvolio, and taste with a distemperd appetite. she displays compassion and kindness in the way that she attempts to bring him back into the wedding society. This sentimentality is seen in many of Shakespeares portrayals of women, and is similar to the way in which Maria is presented. Maria is Olivias lady in waiting, and is a character who balances the household. She tolerates Sir Andrew and Sir Tobys folly, yet doesnt hesitate to scold them when she feels it has gone too far. Sir Toby and Maria are having an affair, and Sir Toby boasts that she adores him. Maria is the character who single-handedly thinks up the plot to gull Malvolio, and in doing so gains the admiration of the male characters, Sir Toby says O, twill be admirable of the plan. She is a literary construct who embodies some of Shakespeares main ideas and themes. She can also be seen as some of Shakespeares praise of women, as in letting a female character be so intelligent, witty and quick-minded, Shakespeare is giving women qualities that were scarcely seen to exist in Elizabethan England.

Services Marketing Case Study Essays

Services Marketing Case Study Essays Services Marketing Case Study Essay Services Marketing Case Study Essay These customers vary in terms of their requirements and expectations. It is important for the carriers to leverage the available data to get insights into the passenger behavior Getable operated in the low-fare category of the industry, but unlike other low-fare airlines, Getable wasnt a no-frills airline Offerings Getable experience Bring humanity back to Air travel and make the experience Of flying happier and easier for everyone Wider leather seats More legroom and storage space In-flight entertainment (24 channels) Dedicated service personnel Free co-branded amenities Touch screen check-in Pre-assigned seats It offered a unique flying experience due to its Humanity touch The airlines tapped in on caring for its customers in an industry that lacked compassion, a missing human touch. It offered to better the lives of its customers, creamers and the communities. This commitment to inspiring humanity was their differentiator. The airline also flew its planes from point to point. It did not use the hub system of other airlines. By using the point-to point system, Getable was very selective when picking the geographic markets where it wants to compete. VALUE CHAIN Inbound Logistics Internet presence and web-based ticketing Operations crew scheduling, no meals, automated baggage handling Outbound Airports chosen carefully, less congested Make. ND sales work from home call centers, attractive pricing Service customer-focus, CEO who interacts Service Value : Highly productive people, productive aircrafts, caring culture of he organization Hard standards: On time performance Customer support Complaint handling time Bill of Rights Time for boarding Soft Standards: Friendly personnel Cleanliness on-flight Getable understood its internal environment, the external environment, competition, as well as its own customers and potential customers. Nonins ured behavioral segmentation and competitive advantage to be ahead of its competitors. Service Marketing Triangle: External Marketing: Jet blues external marketing promises to the customer were low cost and high service quality. The service facilities like Spa, Live TV, Dunking Donuts Effie, Satellite radio were examples of the same. Internal Marketing: Jet Blues was able to enable its promise by inspiring its employee. Jet Blue had a humble CEO who cultivated the sense of team work in its employees. The CEO had the ability to connect with its people. The Jet Blue involved its employee in every aspect of the business. The Supervisors in Jet Blue attended the Jet Blue University to learn the company principles of team work. The inculcated the sense of We in the Jet Blue crew members. They increased the work force productivity through better training and smarter business processes. The internal marketing in Jet Blue helped the airlines to keep its employees motivated and they were actually seen defending the airlines during the time of the crisis. Interactive Marketing: Jet blues CEO used to frequently travel in the airlines and used to connect with the customers to take the feedback on the services provided and also requested them to provide suggestions on the improvement of the airline service as a whole. This was an example of CEO leading its employee by example. Jet blue won lot of awards, In 2007 Jet Blue was named as number three most admired airline by fortune and best in customer satisfaction by Market Matrix in 2006. They were also picked as best domestic airline by Coned NASA Travel and Travel + Leisure. They had a fleet of highly motivated employees as a result of which they enjoyed the second lowest rate of customer complaints among the 10 Largest U. S. Airlines. Service profit Chain Jet Blue internal marketing let to employee satisfaction, which led to customer satisfaction and increased revenue growth and profitability for Jet Blue. Jet Blue employees considered themselves as an integral member of the airlines. There were instances wherein the employees were responding to the customer on the complaints raised by them during the time of crisis, this is one classic example of high internal service quality in Jet Blue. The employees in Jet Blue were highly satisfied which led to employee retention and employee productivity; in addition to that this led to high external service value to the end customer. The customer were satisfied with their jet blue experience, in addition to that Jet Blue also had a loyal base of customer which came out in defense of the airline during the time of crisis. As a result of overall value chain Jet Blue experienced year on year revenue growth from 000 to 2004 and which led to profitability for the firm. Q. What challenges did David Melanin and his executive team face in managing the customer experience as the airline grew rapidly? How did they respond to those challenges? We have used the McKinney as Framework to analyze the steps taken by David Melanin after the first crisis of 2005. as Framework is used for auditing the current state of the organization and it can also be used to implement new strategy. S framework consist Of hard and soft Gs. All the as have to align for the strategy to work. If the as are aligned then the short- term strategy also works. Strategy: Jet Blue short-term strategy was to scale up to increase the revenue by market development. They planned to expand their services to medium and small sized cities. They believed that since the carriers in medium and short run cities are less they can charge a premium on the t ickets leading to better revenues. Structure In order to implement the strategy the firm also has to restructure its organization chart. There is no information present in the case on the change on restructuring of the organization. The people involved in the organization structure were CEO, David Melanin and Chief Operating Officer, Dave Barge. There are instances in the case were it is highlighted that CEO was involved in every aspect Of the business. We believe that they should have hired people from the local area upon expansion so that the load on the CEO and Chief Operating Officer should have been reduced and better handling of the on ground resources could have taken place by quick decision making. They should have restructured the organization. This was one S, which was not aligned with the company strategy. Systems: In order to implement the new strategy it is important for the organization to improve upon the systems and current processes. Jet Blue moved towards automation and smarter business processes; however Jet Blue did not pay any emphasis on customer support and capacity of the system. This led to increased chaos during the time of the crisis. Jet Blue should have load tested there system for the maximum calls and maximum bookings. The system went down when people tried to reschedule or cancel their flights during the time of the crisis. This was another place where Jet Blue strategy was not in line with the existing capacity of the system. Skills Jet Blue did improve the productivity of its workforce upon implementation of the new strategy. The employees were trained to be more productive to handle additional traffic. The Skills were aligned with the strategy. Style The management was actively involved with the customer and employee. The employees also responded positively to the management style. The Style was aligned with the strategy. Shared Value The shared value among the employees of the Jet Blue was to provide the end customer with Jet Blue experience. The Jet Blue experience was high service quality at low cost. The strategy was to expand but not at the expense of shared values. Jet Blue employees were living up to the promise of providing he same-shared values. Staff The staffs of Jet Blue were not increased on scaling up there was a gap between the resource and the demand of the employee. The prefect example of same was when the Jet Blue went through the crisis in 2007 the pilots and ground staffs were not enough to handle the situation on ground. The Style was not aligned with strategy of the company. The model clearly highlights the Gap in the Jet Blue new strategy were in by auditing using as framework we came to know that Staff, System and Structure were not in line with the Jet Blue strategy as a result Of which Jet Blue Was not able to provide prompt covers to people during the time of crisis and hence failed miserably. 3. What exactly went wrong?

Linguistics Language Acquisition Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Linguistics Language Acquisition - Essay Example It is also dependent on knowledge of local linguistic situation. The best methods are therefore those that will generate interest among the students. In deciding how to develop language teaching methods and materials, three approaches will be more relevant: 1) Make use of second language acquisition theory, 2) Utilize applied linguistics research, and 3) Make use of ideas and intuition from experience. It was reported that considerably larger section (>45,000) of population of Trinidad and Tobago communicate in Trinidad English Creole (TEC) and have been using the dictionary for the same (EN1). There has been practice of code switching in which the people use English and Creole simultaneously. The behaviourist approach and the cognitive approaches were found to be effective in explaining the language acquisition by children in Caribbean islands (EN2). They will make students to mimic the words uttered by teachers and memorize the same by repeated exercise and in that process help the teachers. The language acquisition facilitates learning process as the living language generates more interest among the learners and paves the way for easily digestible mode of teaching. The importance of acquiring knowledge of linguistics in facilitating educational and learning process was confirmed by Carter,2002 (EN3). In addition, the basic knowledge about the following five theories of language acquisition by teachers is essential for effective teaching techniques in TEC. 1. The acquisition-learning disctinction. It states that language learning and language acquisition are completely different and teachers must keep this in mind while explaining in TEC. 2. The natural order hypothesis. It postulates that for a any language, some grammatical structures tend to be acquired early, others late, regardless of the first language of a speaker. 3. The monitor hypothesis. It states that the language that we have consciously learned acts as an editor in situations where the learner has enough time to edit. 4. The input hypothesis. It answers the question of how a language acquirer develops comptency over time. 5. The affective fi lter hypothesis. It concludes that motivation, self-confidence, and anxiety affect language acquisition and hence the teachers must keep this in mind while formulating theories for students in TEC. Approaches to language teaching Knowledge about different approaches to Language Teaching like grammar-translation, audio-lingualism, cognitive-code, the direct method, the natural approach, total physical response, and Suggestopedia will certainly aid in efficient teaching (EN4) in TEC. 1. Grammar-translation: It explains the grammatical rule and vocabulary and makes language acquisition more complex. 2. Audio-lingualism: It is better than the previous method in language acquisition as it allows the students to mimic the dialogue and eventually memorize it. 3. Cognitive-code: It focuses on developing all four skills of language: speaking, listening, reading, and writing. 4. The direct method: It is more effective than earlier methods as it involves all discussion in the target language. The teacher uses examples of language in order to inductively teach grammar; students are to try to guess the rules of the language by the examples provided. 5.The natural

Michel Foucault. Panopticism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Michel Foucault. Panopticism - Essay Example This visibility is actually a trap: prisoners can see each other but cannot communicate. â€Å"The major effect of the Panopticon: to induce in the inmate a state of conscious and permanent visibility that assures the automatic functioning of power† (Foucault). Paradoxical at first glance, Foucault’s writing parallels contemporary realities and conflicts. Panopticon exemplifies a unique analogy of present day surveillance relations and principles (Simon 2). Panopticon also closely resembles and redefines the essence of modern communications, particularly, the Internet (Winokur 1). Winokur suggests that, through the prism of Foucault’s writings, the Internet makes users question the mere essence of electronic communications and relations (1). Why the Panopticon-Internet relationship? The answer is simple: both operate as complex poststructuralist models of human relations with permanent and conscious visibility as the main prerequisites for the successful use of power (Winokur 1). The Internet is more panoptic than cinema or television. It is a bi-directional space, in which people observe other people through the computer monitor. Contrary to most beliefs, the Internet is not an instrument of socialization and empowerment but merely a tool of remote control (Winokur 5). This is where Foucault’s Panopticon turns into a symbol of present day surveillance relations. However, Foucault’s writing is much more complicated than it seems; and so is the world described by the philosopher in his famous work. The writing deserves much attention and analysis to understand its real meaning and writer’s idea. The Panopticon is not merely an instrument and medium of power, its meaning is really more important. It is the symbol of social resistance and control (Simon 3). It is a representation of a socio-material epistemology (Simon 3). Panopticon shapes a unique but extremely